A.D. 1108. CHASTITY ENFORCED UPON THE PRIESTHOOD. 201 dom, because the king thus exerted himself in secular matters to retrieve the troubles of the land. In this year, Gerard, arehbishop of York, departed this life, in whose place was elected Thomas, the cousin of Thomas, his predecessor. Philip, king of the Pranks, departed this life, and was succeeded by his son Louis. Archbishop Anselm, at the king's request, consecrated Richard, the bishop of London elect, in his chapel at Paggaham, being assisted in the performance of this duty by William, bishop of Winchester, Roger, bishop of' Salisbury, Ralph, bishop of Chichester, and William, bishop of Exeter, having first received from him the usual profession of obedience and subjection. After this, coming to Canterbury on the third day before the ides of August, he consecrated Ralph, abbat of Seez, a religious man, bishop of Rochester, in succession to Gun-dulph, William, bishop of Winchester, Ralph, bishop of Chichester, and Richard, bishop of London, assisting him in the performance of that duty; which same Richard, after the custom of his predecessors, on the same day presented a handsome gift to his mother church of Canterbury. These are the provisions relative to archdeacons, priests, deacons, subdeacons, and secular clergy of whatever degree, which, in the year of our Lord's Incarnation 1108, Anselm, archbishop of Canterbury, and Thomas, archbishop elect of York, and all the other bishops of England, in the presence of the glorious king Henry, with the assent of his earls and barons, enacted :—" It is hereby decreed, that priests, deacons, and subdeacons, shall live in chastity, and shall have no women in their houses save only those who arc connected with them by close relationship, according to the %ule which the holy Synod of Nice has laid down. But those priests, deacons, and subdeacons who have, since the prohibition pronounced by the synod held in London, either retained their wives or married others, if they wish any longer to celebrate the mass, let them so entirely put them away from themselves as not to let them enter their houses ; nor are they themselves to go into the houses of such women, or knowingly to meet them in any house ; nor are any women of this description to live upon lands belonging to the church. But if for any proper reason it is necessary for either party to communicate with the other, having two lawful witnesses, let them converse